Windows Shortcut Keys

Windows 7
Windows Key + 1 - 0 - Hide/Show nth application on the taskbar
Windows Key + G - Show Windows gadgets
Windows Key + P - Windows display switch ("p" as in projector)
Windows Key + T - Preview all application groups on the taskbar
Windows Key + U - Starts Ease of Access Center control panel applet
Windows Key + X - Starts Windows Mobility Center application
Windows Key + Home - Hides all other active application windows except current active application window
Windows Key + Up arrow key - Maximize current application window
Windows Key + Down arrow key - Shrink current application window to lower left hand side
Windows Key + Left arrow key - Dock current application window to left side (if you keep pressing the key combination, alternates docking sides)
Windows Key + right arrow key - Dock current application window to right side (if you keep pressing the key combination, alternates docking sides)
Windows Key + Space bar - Desktop peek (see behind all active windows)
Windows Key + Tab - Fancy new Windows switch between application where the active windows turns into a card deck
Windows Key + Shift + 0 - 1 - Opens a new application window of the nth application on the taskbar




Unsure of Windows Release
Windows Key + + - Opens Magnifier (After Magnifier has started, zooms in)
Windows Key + - -  After Magnifier has started, zooms out
Alt + Esc - Cycles through active application windows on the taskbar and brings to front

Pre-Windows 7 (Still works in Windows 7)
Windows Key + D - aka Desktop button (Hide/Show active application windows)
Windows Key + E - Starts Windows Explorer application
Windows Key + M - Minimize all (Minimize all active application windows)
Windows Key + F - Search/Find
Windows Key + L - Lock computer/Log off (depends on your security configuration and the version of Windows you're using)
Windows Key + R - Run command
Windows Key + Pause - System properties
Ctrl + Esc - Same as pressing Windows key
Alt + F4 - Close application
Alt + Tab - Switch between appliations
Ctrl + Shift + Esc - Task manager

General Windows/Application specific shortcuts
F1 - Help
F3 - Search/Find
F4 - Highlight/Focus on address bar
F5 - Refresh
Prnt Scrn - Copy the entire computer screen to the clipboard (paste to a graphics/word processor application)
Ctrl + Tab - Switch between inner windows of an application
Ctrl + N - New page/application window/etc
Ctrl + P - Print
Ctrl + S - Save
Ctrl + W - Close inner window in application
Alt + Prnt Scrn - Copy the current application to the clipboard (paste to a graphics/word processor application)